Enhancing the XDCValidator Smart Contract: Introducing Smart Contract Ownership, Ownership Transfers, and Automated Rewards
The XDC Network continues to lead the blockchain space with its robust and enterprise-ready infrastructure. To maintain its edge, we have enhanced the XDCValidator smart contract with new features that improve flexibility, scalability, and efficiency in masternode management. These updates empower both individuals and smart contracts to participate seamlessly in the XDC ecosystem.
Key Updates to the XDCValidator Smart Contract
1. Smart Contract Ownership of Masternodes
Previously, only externally owned accounts (EOAs) could own and manage masternodes. With this enhancement, smart contracts can now directly own and operate masternodes. This upgrade expands the potential use cases, enabling DAOs, decentralized applications, and other blockchain systems to manage masternodes effectively.
Why It Matters:
- Decentralized Governance: DAOs can now manage masternodes collectively.
- Extended Utility: Applications like staking platforms can integrate masternode management directly.
- Inclusivity: Smart contracts become active participants in securing the network.
2. Node Ownership Transfers
Node ownership is no longer static. With the introduction of a secure transfer mechanism, masternode owners can reassign ownership to another individual or smart contract without disrupting node operations.
Why It Matters:
- Flexibility: Owners can sell or delegate their nodes easily.
- Business Continuity: Nodes remain operational during ownership changes.
- Transparency: Ownership transfers are recorded on-chain for full accountability.
Example Use Case:
An individual managing multiple masternodes for their business can transfer specific nodes to a subsidiary or a smart contract that automates their operations.
3. Automated Reward Distribution
Rewards are now distributed programmatically to validators and standby nodes through a batch processing mechanism. This feature ensures rewards are paid out efficiently and on time, with minimal manual intervention.
Why It Matters:
- Efficiency: Reduces the administrative burden of reward distribution.
- Scalability: Handles large-scale payouts effectively.
- Trust: Ensures timely payments, boosting confidence in the system.
Example Use Case:
A validator running multiple masternodes receives rewards automatically into their address or directly to a smart contract managing their funds.
Technical Overview of Updates
Enhanced Features
-
Smart Contract Ownership:
- Any valid Ethereum address (EOA or smart contract) can own a masternode.
- Ownership mappings and transfer mechanisms have been adjusted to support this.
-
Node Ownership Transfer:
- A new
transferOwnershipfunction securely transfers masternode ownership. - On-chain mappings ensure the proper reassignment of ownership.
- A new
-
Automated Rewards:
- A new
distributeRewardsfunction enables batch processing of rewards. - Designed to handle scalability while ensuring efficiency.
- A new
Security Enhancements
- Access Control: Critical functions like
distributeRewardsare restricted to the contract owner. - Reentrancy Protection: Reward transfers use
callto mitigate gas issues and ensure robustness. - Fallback Logging: The fallback function includes logging for all incoming funds, enhancing transparency.
Updated Smart Contract Code
The enhanced XDCValidator smart contract incorporates these features. Below is a snippet highlighting the key updates:
pragma solidity ^0.8.0;
contract XDCValidator {
using SafeMath for uint256;
event OwnershipTransferred(address indexed previousOwner, address indexed newOwner, address candidate);
event RewardsDistributed(address indexed recipient, uint256 amount);
event FundsReceived(address indexed sender, uint256 amount);
struct ValidatorState {
address owner;
bool isCandidate;
uint256 cap;
mapping(address => uint256) voters;
}
mapping(address => ValidatorState) private validatorsState;
mapping(address => address[]) private ownerToCandidate;
address[] public candidates;
address[] public owners;
uint256 public minCandidateCap;
uint256 public minVoterCap;
uint256 public maxValidatorNumber;
address private contractOwner;
modifier onlyOwner(address _candidate) {
require(validatorsState[_candidate].owner == msg.sender, "Not the owner of this candidate");
_;
}
modifier onlyContractOwner() {
require(msg.sender == contractOwner, "Not authorized");
_;
}
modifier onlyValidCandidate(address _candidate) {
require(validatorsState[_candidate].isCandidate, "Not a valid candidate");
_;
}
constructor(
uint256 _minCandidateCap,
uint256 _minVoterCap,
uint256 _maxValidatorNumber
) {
minCandidateCap = _minCandidateCap;
minVoterCap = _minVoterCap;
maxValidatorNumber = _maxValidatorNumber;
contractOwner = msg.sender;
}
function transferOwnership(address _candidate, address _newOwner)
external
onlyOwner(_candidate)
onlyValidCandidate(_candidate)
{
require(_newOwner != address(0), "New owner address cannot be zero");
ValidatorState storage validator = validatorsState[_candidate];
address previousOwner = validator.owner;
validator.owner = _newOwner;
_removeCandidateFromOwner(previousOwner, _candidate);
ownerToCandidate[_newOwner].push(_candidate);
emit OwnershipTransferred(previousOwner, _newOwner, _candidate);
}
function distributeRewards(address[] calldata _recipients, uint256[] calldata _amounts)
external
onlyContractOwner
{
require(_recipients.length == _amounts.length, "Input arrays length mismatch");
for (uint256 i = 0; i < _recipients.length; i++) {
address recipient = _recipients[i];
uint256 amount = _amounts[i];
require(validatorsState[recipient].isCandidate, "Recipient must be a valid candidate");
require(address(this).balance >= amount, "Insufficient balance");
(bool success, ) = recipient.call{value: amount}("");
require(success, "Reward transfer failed");
emit RewardsDistributed(recipient, amount);
}
}
receive() external payable {
emit FundsReceived(msg.sender, msg.value);
}
function _removeCandidateFromOwner(address _owner, address _candidate) internal {
uint256 length = ownerToCandidate[_owner].length;
for (uint256 i = 0; i < length; i++) {
if (ownerToCandidate[_owner][i] == _candidate) {
ownerToCandidate[_owner][i] = ownerToCandidate[_owner][length - 1];
ownerToCandidate[_owner].pop();
break;
}
}
}
}
Conclusion
These enhancements make the XDCValidator contract more flexible, scalable, and user-friendly. By enabling smart contract ownership, secure ownership transfers, and automated reward distribution, the XDC Network strengthens its position as a leader in enterprise-grade blockchain technology.
We invite the XDC community to review, test, and implement these changes to further improve the ecosystem. Let us know your thoughts and feedback!